Temporal trends of plastic additive contents in sediment cores of three French rivers (Loire, Meuse and Moselle) over the last decades
Résumé
Sediment cores from three major French watersheds (Loire, Meuse and Moselle) have been dated by 137Cs and
210Pbxs from 1910 (Loire), 1947 (Meuse) and 1930 (Moselle) until the present in order to reconstruct trajectories
of plastic additive contaminants including nine phthalate esters (PAEs) and seven organophosphate esters
(OPEs), measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC–MS–MS). Historical levels of ∑PAEs were
higher than those of ∑OPEs in the Loire and the Moselle sediments, while ∑PAEs and ∑OPEs contents were of
the same order of magnitude in the Meuse sediments. Although increases in concentrations do not evolve linearly,
our results clearly indicate an increase in OPEs and PAEs concentrations from the 1950–1970 period
onwards, compared with the first half of the 20th century. Our results show that, ∑OPE contents increase
gradually over time in the Loire and Meuse rivers but evolve more randomly in the Moselle River. Trajectories of ∑PAEs depend on the river and no generality can be established, suggesting sedimentary reworking and/or local
contamination. Data from this study allowed comparisons of contents of ∑OPEs and ∑PAEs between rivers,
with ∑OPE concentrations in the Moselle River >Meuse River >Loire River, and concentrations of ∑PAEs in
the Loire River >Moselle River >Meuse River. Among all PAEs, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the most
abundant in all sediment samples, followed by diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP). Tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate(TCPP) was the most abundant OPE in sediments of the three rivers. In addition, strong positive Pearson correlations were observed between organic matter (OM) parameters and OPE concentrations, and to a lesser extent, between OM parameters and PAE concentrations. This is particularly true for the Moselle River and for the Loire River, but less so for the Meuse River.
Mots clés
tripropyl phosphate TiBP
tri-iso-butyl phosphate TnBP
tributyl-n-phosphate TCEP
tris-
tripropyl phosphate
TiBP
tri-iso-butyl phosphate
TnBP
tributyl-n-phosphate
TCEP
Organic plastic additives
Phthalates
Organophosphate esters
River sedimentary archives
Contamination trajectories
Historical pollution
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