This note provides an overview on recent theoretical and empirical developments in decision-making under uncertainty, monetary policy and financial markets. It introduces in particular a special issue that contains a selection of papers presented at the third International Symposium in Computational Economics and Finance (ISCEF) in April 2014 in Paris (www.iscef.com). The papers, both theoretical and empirical, discuss issues that improve our understanding of how computational tools can be used to facilitate our understanding of the agents' behaviors and policies.