Metagenomic and microscopic analysis of magnetotactic bacteria in Tangyin hydrothermal field of Okinawa Trough
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) have been found in a wide variety of marine habitats, ranging from intertidal sediments to deep-sea
seamounts. Deep-sea hydrothermal fields are rich in metal sulfides, which are suitable areas for the growth of magnetotactic
bacteria. However, magnetotactic bacteria in hydrothermal fields have never been reported. Here the occurrence of MTB in
sediments from the Tangyin hydrothermal field was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis, metagenomics and transmission
electron microscopy. Sequencing 16S rRNA gene yielded a total of 709 MTB sequences belonging to 20 OTUs, affiliated with
Desulfobacterota, Alphaproteobacteria, and Nitrospirae. Three shapes of magnetofossil were identified by transmission electron
microscopy: elongated-prismatic, bullet-shaped, and cuboctahedron. All of these structures were composed of Fe3O4. Totally 121
sequences were found to be homologous to published MTB magnetosome-function-related genes, and relevant domains were
identified. Further analysis revealed that diverse MTB are present in the Tangyin hydrothermal field, and that multicellular
magnetotactic prokaryotes (MMPs) might be the dominant MTB. And the MTB of Desulfobacterota and Nitrospirae here shown
evolutionarily unique compared with known MTB.
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