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Pré-Publication, Document De Travail Année : 2024

Temporal evolution of plastic additive contents over the last decades in two major European rivers (Rhone and Rhine) from sediment cores analyses

Evolution temporelle des teneurs en additifs plastiques au cours des dernières décennies dans deux grands fleuves européens (Rhône et Rhin) à partir d'analyses de carottes sédimentaires.

Gabrielle Seignemartin
Amandine Morereau
  • Fonction : Auteur
Cassandra Euzen
Yoann Copard
  • Fonction : Auteur
Frédérique Eyrolle
  • Fonction : Auteur
Richard Sempere

Résumé

Although global plastic distribution is at the heart of 21st century environmental concerns, little information is available concerning how organic plastic additives contaminate freshwater sediments, which are often subject to strong anthropogenic pressure. Here, sediment core samples were collected in the Rhone and the Rhine watersheds (France), dated using 137Cs and 210Pbxs methods and analysed for nine phthalates (PAEs) and seven organophosphate esters (OPEs). The distribution of these organic contaminants was used to establish a chronological archive of plastic additive pollution from 1860 (Rhine) and 1930 (Rhone) until today. Sediment grain size and parameters related to organic matter (OM) were also measured as potential factors that may affect the temporal distribution of OPEs and PAEs in sediments. Our results show that OPE and PAE levels increased continuously in Rhone and Rhine sediments since the first records. In both rivers, ∑PAEs levels (from 9.1 ±1.7 to 487.3 ±27.0 ng g− 1 dry weight (dw) ±standard deviation and from 4.6 ±1.3 to 65.2 ±11.2 ng g− 1 dw, for the Rhine and the Rhone rivers, respectively) were higher than ∑OPEs levels (from 0.1 ±0.1 to 79.1 ±13.7 ng g− 1 dw and from 0.6 ±0.1 to 17.8 ±2.3 ng g− 1 dw, for Rhine and Rhone rivers, respectively). In both rivers, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the most abundant PAE, followed by diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), while tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP) was the most abundant OPE. No relationship was found between granulometry and additives concentrations, while organic matter helps explain the vertical distribution of PAEs and OPEs in the sediment cores. This study thus establishes a temporal trajectory of PAEs and OPEs contents over the last decades, leading to a better understanding of historical pollution in these two Western European rivers.
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hal-04570244 , version 1 (06-05-2024)

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Alice Vidal, Laure Papillon, Gabrielle Seignemartin, Amandine Morereau, Cassandra Euzen, et al.. Temporal evolution of plastic additive contents over the last decades in two major European rivers (Rhone and Rhine) from sediment cores analyses. 2024. ⟨hal-04570244⟩
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